Isaiah, Chapter 53 (Great Isaiah Scroll, 1QIsa-a)
Introduction
Isaiah 53 from the Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa), the complete copy of Isaiah found in Cave 1 at Qumran in 1947 and now in the Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Copied around 125 BCE, it is roughly a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex, the oldest complete Masoretic manuscript. This chapter stands in col. XLIV (44) of the scroll's 54 columns.
- Scan: each section is shown with the actual column of the scroll that carries it, cropped from the Israel Museum / Google Art Project photograph of the whole scroll published on Wikimedia Commons (public domain). The column for every verse comes from the transcription itself, which records the column and line of each word.
- Hebrew: the scroll's own text, verbatim from the ETCBC dss Text-Fabric dataset (Jacobs, Naaijer and Roorda, from Martin G. Abegg Jr.'s transcription; CC BY-NC 4.0). This is not the Masoretic text: 1QIsaa uses a fuller spelling (for example לוא for לא, כיא for כי) and differs from the Masoretic text in a number of readings. No vowel points exist in the scroll and none are added. Marks: ⟨x⟩ letters the scribe added above the line, [x] modern reconstruction of text lost to damage, {{x}} letters cancelled by an ancient scribe, ⟪x⟫ an ancient correction, a dot under a letter (x̣) an uncertain reading, ···· four dots written in place of the divine name (Tetrapuncta).
- English: the King James Version (1611, public domain), verbatim from bible-api.com. The KJV translates the Masoretic text, so where the scroll reads differently the English will not match the Hebrew shown; the scroll's reading can be checked on the column image.
How was this verified? (Provenance)
1מי האמין לשמועתנו וזרוע יהוה אל מי נגלתה 2ויעל{{ו}} כיונק לפניו וכשורש מארץ ציאה לוא תאור לו ולוא הדר לו ונראנו ולוא מראה ונחמדנו 3נבזה וחדל אישים ואיש מכאובות ויודע חולי וכמסתיר פנים ממנו ונבוזהו ולוא חשבנוהו 4אכן חולי⟨י⟩נו הואה נשא ומכאובינו סבלם ואנחנו חשבנוהי נגוע ומוכה אלוהים ומעונה 5והואה מחולל מפשעינו ומדוכא מעוונותינו ומוסר שלומנו עליו ובחבורתיו נרפא לנו 6כולנו כצואן תעינו איש לדרכו פנינו ויהוה הפגיע בו את עוון כולנו
1Who hath believed our report? and to whom is the arm of the LORD revealed? 2For he shall grow up before him as a tender plant, and as a root out of a dry ground: he hath no form nor comeliness; and when we shall see him, there is no beauty that we should desire him. 3He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were our faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not. 4Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted. 5But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. 6All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the LORD hath laid on him the iniquity of us all.
7נגש והואה נענה ולוא יפתח פיהו כשה לטבוח יובל כרחל לפני גוזז̣יה נאלמה ולוא פת̣ח פיהו 8מעוצ⟨ר⟩ וממשפט לוקח ואת דורו מיא ישוחח כיא נגזר מארץ חיים מפשע עמו̣ נוגע למו 9ויתנו את רשעים קברו ועמ⟨ת̣⟩ עשיר{{ים}} בומתו על לוא חמס עשה ולוא מרמה בפיהו 10ויהוה חפץ דכאו ויחללהו אמ תשים אשם נפשו י̣ראה זרע ויארך ימים וחפץ יהוה בידו יצלח 11מעמל נפשוה יראה אור וישבע ובדעתו יצדיק צדיק עבדו לרבים ועוונותם הואה יסבול 12לכן אחלק לו ברבים ואת עצומים יחלק שלל תחת אשר הערה למות נפשו ואת פושעים נמנה̣ והואה חטאי רבים נשא ולפשעיהמה יפגע
7He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so he openeth not his mouth. 8He was taken from prison and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut off out of the land of the living: for the transgression of my people was he stricken. 9And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death; because he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth. 10Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand. 11He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquities. 12Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.
Cite
Source & Cross-References
- Source text: Great Isaiah Scroll 1QIsa-a: Israel Museum / Google Art Project photograph (Wikimedia Commons, PD) + ETCBC dss transcription (Abegg; CC BY-NC 4.0) + KJV (bible-api.com) — view original
- Critical edition: ETCBC Dead Sea Scrolls transcription (Abegg data, CC BY-NC 4.0)
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