Quran, Sura 44 (ad-duḫān) (Codex Parisino-petropolitanus)
Introduction
Sura 44 (ad-duḫān) as preserved on 3 folio sides of the Codex Parisino-petropolitanus (Paris, BnF Arabe 328 (a) and (b)), one of the oldest surviving Quran manuscripts, written in hijazi script on parchment, c. 650-750 AD. Each section below is one folio side, and the image shown is that exact page.
- Manuscript scan: the specific folio side from Gallica (Bibliotheque nationale de France IIIF). The folio's sura:verse range was taken from the Corpus Coranicum "Manuscripta Coranica" record for that page, which states the first and last word on the page; the folio numbers of both services were cross-checked by comparing the two images pixel by pixel.
- Original text: the Arabic of the Tanzil Project Uthmani text (CC BY 3.0), reproduced unchanged, verse by verse.
- English: Marmaduke Pickthall, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (1930), public domain, verse by verse.
Orthography: the codex is written in scriptio defectiva: no vowel signs, almost no consonantal dots, long vowels often unwritten, and letter shapes that differ from the printed Uthmani text. The modern text given here therefore differs orthographically from what is on the folio while conveying the same reading; readers should expect, for example, the basmala and words such as qala to be spelled with fewer letters on the page.
Numbering: verse numbers follow the standard Kufan (Cairo 1924) division used by Corpus Coranicum, Tanzil and Pickthall. Early codices mark verse ends with ink dots that in places divide the text differently, so a verse count made on the page may not match these numbers exactly. In Tanzil's text the basmala opening each sura (except sura 9) is printed as part of verse 1. Where a page begins or ends in the middle of a verse the whole verse is given and the word position is stated in the section heading.
How was this verified? (Provenance)
1بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ حمٓ 2وَٱلْكِتَٰبِ ٱلْمُبِينِ 3إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَٰهُ فِى لَيْلَةٍ مُّبَٰرَكَةٍ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنذِرِينَ 4فِيهَا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ 5أَمْرًا مِّنْ عِندِنَآ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُرْسِلِينَ 6رَحْمَةً مِّن رَّبِّكَ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ 7رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَآ إِن كُنتُم مُّوقِنِينَ 8لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ يُحْىِۦ وَيُمِيتُ رَبُّكُمْ وَرَبُّ ءَابَآئِكُمُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ 9بَلْ هُمْ فِى شَكٍّ يَلْعَبُونَ 10فَٱرْتَقِبْ يَوْمَ تَأْتِى ٱلسَّمَآءُ بِدُخَانٍ مُّبِينٍ 11يَغْشَى ٱلنَّاسَ هَٰذَا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ 12رَّبَّنَا ٱكْشِفْ عَنَّا ٱلْعَذَابَ إِنَّا مُؤْمِنُونَ
1Ha. Mim. 2By the Scripture that maketh plain 3Lo! We revealed it on a blessed night - Lo! We are ever warning - 4Whereon every wise command is made clear 5As a command from Our presence - Lo! We are ever sending - 6A mercy from thy Lord. Lo! He, even He is the Hearer, the Knower, 7Lord of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, if ye would be sure. 8There is no Allah save Him. He quickeneth and giveth death; your Lord and Lord of your forefathers. 9Nay, but they play in doubt. 10But watch thou (O Muhammad) for the day when the sky will produce visible smoke 11That will envelop the people. This will be a painful torment. 12(Then they will say): Our Lord relieve us of the torment. Lo! we are believers.
13أَنَّىٰ لَهُمُ ٱلذِّكْرَىٰ وَقَدْ جَآءَهُمْ رَسُولٌ مُّبِينٌ 14ثُمَّ تَوَلَّوْا۟ عَنْهُ وَقَالُوا۟ مُعَلَّمٌ مَّجْنُونٌ 15إِنَّا كَاشِفُوا۟ ٱلْعَذَابِ قَلِيلًا إِنَّكُمْ عَآئِدُونَ 16يَوْمَ نَبْطِشُ ٱلْبَطْشَةَ ٱلْكُبْرَىٰٓ إِنَّا مُنتَقِمُونَ 17وَلَقَدْ فَتَنَّا قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَجَآءَهُمْ رَسُولٌ كَرِيمٌ 18أَنْ أَدُّوٓا۟ إِلَىَّ عِبَادَ ٱللَّهِ إِنِّى لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌ 19وَأَن لَّا تَعْلُوا۟ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ إِنِّىٓ ءَاتِيكُم بِسُلْطَٰنٍ مُّبِينٍ 20وَإِنِّى عُذْتُ بِرَبِّى وَرَبِّكُمْ أَن تَرْجُمُونِ 21وَإِن لَّمْ تُؤْمِنُوا۟ لِى فَٱعْتَزِلُونِ 22فَدَعَا رَبَّهُۥٓ أَنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ قَوْمٌ مُّجْرِمُونَ 23فَأَسْرِ بِعِبَادِى لَيْلًا إِنَّكُم مُّتَّبَعُونَ 24وَٱتْرُكِ ٱلْبَحْرَ رَهْوًا إِنَّهُمْ جُندٌ مُّغْرَقُونَ 25كَمْ تَرَكُوا۟ مِن جَنَّٰتٍ وَعُيُونٍ 26وَزُرُوعٍ وَمَقَامٍ كَرِيمٍ 27وَنَعْمَةٍ كَانُوا۟ فِيهَا فَٰكِهِينَ 28كَذَٰلِكَ وَأَوْرَثْنَٰهَا قَوْمًا ءَاخَرِينَ 29فَمَا بَكَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلسَّمَآءُ وَٱلْأَرْضُ وَمَا كَانُوا۟ مُنظَرِينَ 30وَلَقَدْ نَجَّيْنَا بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ مِنَ ٱلْعَذَابِ ٱلْمُهِينِ 31مِن فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ عَالِيًا مِّنَ ٱلْمُسْرِفِينَ 32وَلَقَدِ ٱخْتَرْنَٰهُمْ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍ عَلَى ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ 33وَءَاتَيْنَٰهُم مِّنَ ٱلْـَٔايَٰتِ مَا فِيهِ بَلَٰٓؤٌا۟ مُّبِينٌ 34إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ لَيَقُولُونَ 35إِنْ هِىَ إِلَّا مَوْتَتُنَا ٱلْأُولَىٰ وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُنشَرِينَ 36فَأْتُوا۟ بِـَٔابَآئِنَآ إِن كُنتُمْ صَٰدِقِينَ 37أَهُمْ خَيْرٌ أَمْ قَوْمُ تُبَّعٍ وَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ أَهْلَكْنَٰهُمْ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ مُجْرِمِينَ 38وَمَا خَلَقْنَا ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا لَٰعِبِينَ 39مَا خَلَقْنَٰهُمَآ إِلَّا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
13How can there be remembrance for them, when a messenger making plain (the Truth) had already come unto them, 14And they had turned away from him and said: One taught (by others), a madman? 15Lo! We withdraw the torment a little. Lo! ye return (to disbelief). 16On the day when We shall seize them with the greater seizure, (then) in truth We shall punish. 17And verily We tried before them Pharaoh's folk, when there came unto them a noble messenger, 18Saying: Give up to me the slaves of Allah. Lo! I am a faithful messenger unto you. 19And saying: Be not proud against Allah. Lo! I bring you a clear warrant. 20And lo! I have sought refuge in my Lord and your Lord lest ye stone me to death. 21And if ye put no faith in me, then let me go. 22And he cried unto his Lord, (saying): These are guilty folk. 23Then (his Lord commanded): Take away My slaves by night. Lo! ye will be followed, 24And leave the sea behind at rest, for lo! they are a drowned host. 25How many were the gardens and the watersprings that they left behind, 26And the cornlands and the goodly sites 27And pleasant things wherein they took delight! 28Even so (it was), and We made it an inheritance for other folk; 29And the heaven and the earth wept not for them, nor were they reprieved. 30And We delivered the Children of Israel from the shameful doom; 31(We delivered them) from Pharaoh. Lo! he was a tyrant of the wanton ones. 32And We chose them, purposely, above (all) creatures. 33And We gave them portents wherein was a clear trial. 34Lo! these, forsooth, are saying: 35There is naught but our first death, and we shall not be raised again. 36Bring back our fathers, if ye speak the truth! 37Are they better, or the folk of Tubb'a and those before them? We destroyed them, for surely they were guilty. 38And We created not the heavens and the earth, and all that is between them, in play. 39We created them not save with truth; but most of them know not.
40إِنَّ يَوْمَ ٱلْفَصْلِ مِيقَٰتُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ 41يَوْمَ لَا يُغْنِى مَوْلًى عَن مَّوْلًى شَيْـًٔا وَلَا هُمْ يُنصَرُونَ 42إِلَّا مَن رَّحِمَ ٱللَّهُ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ 43إِنَّ شَجَرَتَ ٱلزَّقُّومِ 44طَعَامُ ٱلْأَثِيمِ 45كَٱلْمُهْلِ يَغْلِى فِى ٱلْبُطُونِ 46كَغَلْىِ ٱلْحَمِيمِ 47خُذُوهُ فَٱعْتِلُوهُ إِلَىٰ سَوَآءِ ٱلْجَحِيمِ 48ثُمَّ صُبُّوا۟ فَوْقَ رَأْسِهِۦ مِنْ عَذَابِ ٱلْحَمِيمِ 49ذُقْ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْكَرِيمُ 50إِنَّ هَٰذَا مَا كُنتُم بِهِۦ تَمْتَرُونَ 51إِنَّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ فِى مَقَامٍ أَمِينٍ 52فِى جَنَّٰتٍ وَعُيُونٍ 53يَلْبَسُونَ مِن سُندُسٍ وَإِسْتَبْرَقٍ مُّتَقَٰبِلِينَ 54كَذَٰلِكَ وَزَوَّجْنَٰهُم بِحُورٍ عِينٍ 55يَدْعُونَ فِيهَا بِكُلِّ فَٰكِهَةٍ ءَامِنِينَ 56لَا يَذُوقُونَ فِيهَا ٱلْمَوْتَ إِلَّا ٱلْمَوْتَةَ ٱلْأُولَىٰ وَوَقَىٰهُمْ عَذَابَ ٱلْجَحِيمِ 57فَضْلًا مِّن رَّبِّكَ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلْفَوْزُ ٱلْعَظِيمُ 58فَإِنَّمَا يَسَّرْنَٰهُ بِلِسَانِكَ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ 59فَٱرْتَقِبْ إِنَّهُم مُّرْتَقِبُونَ
40Assuredly the Day of Decision is the term for all of them, 41A day when friend can in naught avail friend, nor can they be helped, 42Save him on whom Allah hath mercy. Lo! He is the Mighty, the Merciful. 43Lo! the tree of Zaqqum, 44The food of the sinner! 45Like molten brass, it seetheth in their bellies 46As the seething of boiling water. 47(And it will be said): Take him and drag him to the midst of hell, 48Then pour upon his head the torment of boiling water. 49(Saying): Taste! Lo! thou wast forsooth the mighty, the noble! 50Lo! this is that whereof ye used to doubt. 51Lo! those who kept their duty will be in a place secured. 52Amid gardens and watersprings, 53Attired in silk and silk embroidery, facing one another. 54Even so (it will be). And We shall wed them unto fair ones with wide, lovely eyes. 55They call therein for every fruit in safety. 56They taste not death therein, save the first death. And He hath saved them from the doom of hell, 57A bounty from thy Lord. That is the supreme triumph. 58And We have made (this Scripture) easy in thy language only that they may heed. 59Wait then (O Muhammad). Lo! they (too) are waiting.
Translator's Notes
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Source & Cross-References
- Source text: Codex Parisino-petropolitanus (BnF Arabe 328) via Gallica IIIF + Corpus Coranicum folio mapping + Tanzil + Pickthall — view original
- Critical edition: Tanzil Uthmani text (CC BY 3.0); folio mapping Corpus Coranicum
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