Isaiah, Chapter 3 (Great Isaiah Scroll, 1QIsa-a)
Introduction
Isaiah 3 from the Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa), the complete copy of Isaiah found in Cave 1 at Qumran in 1947 and now in the Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Copied around 125 BCE, it is roughly a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex, the oldest complete Masoretic manuscript. This chapter stands in col. III (3), col. IV (4) of the scroll's 54 columns.
- Scan: each section is shown with the actual column of the scroll that carries it, cropped from the Israel Museum / Google Art Project photograph of the whole scroll published on Wikimedia Commons (public domain). The column for every verse comes from the transcription itself, which records the column and line of each word.
- Hebrew: the scroll's own text, verbatim from the ETCBC dss Text-Fabric dataset (Jacobs, Naaijer and Roorda, from Martin G. Abegg Jr.'s transcription; CC BY-NC 4.0). This is not the Masoretic text: 1QIsaa uses a fuller spelling (for example לוא for לא, כיא for כי) and differs from the Masoretic text in a number of readings. No vowel points exist in the scroll and none are added. Marks: ⟨x⟩ letters the scribe added above the line, [x] modern reconstruction of text lost to damage, {{x}} letters cancelled by an ancient scribe, ⟪x⟫ an ancient correction, a dot under a letter (x̣) an uncertain reading, ···· four dots written in place of the divine name (Tetrapuncta).
- English: the King James Version (1611, public domain), verbatim from bible-api.com. The KJV translates the Masoretic text, so where the scroll reads differently the English will not match the Hebrew shown; the scroll's reading can be checked on the column image.
How was this verified? (Provenance)
1כיא הנה האד̣ון יהוה צבאות מהסיר מירושלם ומיהודה משען ומשענה כל משען לחם וכול משען מים 2גבור ואיש מלחמה שופט ונביא וקוסם וזקן 3שר חמשים ונשא פנים ויעץ וחכם חרשים ונבון לחש 4ונתתי נערים שריהם ותעלולים ימשולו בם 5ונגש העם איש באיש ואיש ברעהו ירהבו הנער בזקן והנקלה בנכבד 6כיא יתפוש איש באחיהו בית אביו שמלה לכה קצין תהיה לנו והמכשלה הזאות תחת ידיך 7וישא ביום ההוא לאמור לוא אהיה חובש ובביתי אין לחם ואין שלמה לוא תשימוני קצין עם
1For, behold, the Lord, the LORD of hosts, doth take away from Jerusalem and from Judah the stay and the staff, the whole stay of bread, and the whole stay of water, 2The mighty man, and the man of war, the judge, and the prophet, and the prudent, and the ancient, 3The captain of fifty, and the honourable man, and the counsellor, and the cunning artificer, and the eloquent orator. 4And I will give children to be their princes, and babes shall rule over them. 5And the people shall be oppressed, every one by another, and every one by his neighbour: the child shall behave himself proudly against the ancient, and the base against the honourable. 6When a man shall take hold of his brother of the house of his father, saying, Thou hast clothing, be thou our ruler, and let this ruin be under thy hand: 7In that day shall he swear, saying, I will not be an healer; for in my house is neither bread nor clothing: make me not a ruler of the people.
8כי כשלה ירושלים ויהודה נפלה כי לשונם ומעלליהם על יהוה למרות עיני כבודו 9הכרות פניהם ענתה בם וחטאתם כסודם הגיד⟨ו⟩ ולוא כחדו א̣וי לנפשם כיא גמלו להם רעה 10אמורו ⟨ל⟩צדיק כיא טוב כ̣יא פרי מעלליהמה יאכלו 11אוי לרשע רע כיא גמול ידו ישוב לוא 12עמי נגשו מעולל ונשים משלו בו עמי משריך מתעים ודרך⟨י⟩ אורחותיך ב̣לע̣ו 13נצב לריב יהוה עומד לדין עמים 14יהוה במשפט יבוא עמ זקני עמו ושריו ואתמה בערתמ הכרם גזלת העני בבתי⟨כמ⟩
8For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen: because their tongue and their doings are against the LORD, to provoke the eyes of his glory. 9The shew of their countenance doth witness against them; and they declare their sin as Sodom, they hide it not. Woe unto their soul! for they have rewarded evil unto themselves. 10Say ye to the righteous, that it shall be well with him: for they shall eat the fruit of their doings. 11Woe unto the wicked! it shall be ill with him: for the reward of his hands shall be given him. 12As for my people, children are their oppressors, and women rule over them. O my people, they which lead thee cause thee to err, and destroy the way of thy paths. 13The LORD standeth up to plead, and standeth to judge the people. 14The LORD will enter into judgment with the ancients of his people, and the princes thereof: for ye have eaten up the vineyard; the spoil of the poor is in your houses.
15מלכמה תדכאו עמי ופני עניים תטחנו נואם ⟨אדוני⟩ יהוה צבאות 16ויואמר יהוה יען כיא גבהו בנות ציון ותלכנה נטיות גרון ומשקרות עינים הלוך וטופפ תלכנה וברגליהנה תעכסנה 17ושפח {{אדוני}} ⟨יהוה⟩ קדקד בנות ציון ואדוני פתהן יערה 18ביומ ההוא יסיר ⟨אדוני⟩ {{יהוה}} את תפארת העכיסי⟨מ⟩ והשבישים והשהרנים 19והנטפות והשירות והרעלות 20והפארים והצעדות וקשרים ובתי הנפש והלחשים
15What mean ye that ye beat my people to pieces, and grind the faces of the poor? saith the LORD GOD of hosts. 16Moreover the LORD saith, Because the daughters of Zion are haughty, and walk with stretched forth necks and wanton eyes, walking and mincing as they go, and making a tinkling with their feet: 17Therefore the LORD will smite with a scab the crown of the head of the daughters of Zion, and the LORD will discover their secret parts. 18In that day the Lord will take away the bravery of their tinkling ornaments about their feet, and their cauls, and their round tires like the moon, 19The chains, and the bracelets, and the mufflers, 20The bonnets, and the ornaments of the legs, and the headbands, and the tablets, and the earrings,
21והט̣ב̣ע̣ות ונזמי האפ 22והמחלצות ו̣המעטפות והחריטים 23והגליונים והסדינים והצניפות̣ והרדידים 24ויהיו תח̣[…]ת הבשמ מק ותחות הגורה נקפ̣ה ותחות מע̣ש̣ה מקשה קרח̣ה ותחת פתיגיל מחגרת שק כי תחת יפי בשת 25מתיך בחרב יפולו וגבור⟨ות⟩יך במלחמה 26ואנו ואבלו פתחיה ונקתה לארץ תשב
21The rings, and nose jewels, 22The changeable suits of apparel, and the mantles, and the wimples, and the crisping pins, 23The glasses, and the fine linen, and the hoods, and the vails. 24And it shall come to pass, that instead of sweet smell there shall be stink; and instead of a girdle a rent; and instead of well set hair baldness; and instead of a stomacher a girding of sackcloth; and burning instead of beauty. 25Thy men shall fall by the sword, and thy mighty in the war. 26And her gates shall lament and mourn; and she being desolate shall sit upon the ground.
Cite
Source & Cross-References
- Source text: Great Isaiah Scroll 1QIsa-a: Israel Museum / Google Art Project photograph (Wikimedia Commons, PD) + ETCBC dss transcription (Abegg; CC BY-NC 4.0) + KJV (bible-api.com) — view original
- Critical edition: ETCBC Dead Sea Scrolls transcription (Abegg data, CC BY-NC 4.0)
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