Isaiah, Chapter 63 (Great Isaiah Scroll, 1QIsa-a)
Introduction
Isaiah 63 from the Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa), the complete copy of Isaiah found in Cave 1 at Qumran in 1947 and now in the Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Copied around 125 BCE, it is roughly a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex, the oldest complete Masoretic manuscript. This chapter stands in col. L (50), col. LI (51) of the scroll's 54 columns.
- Scan: each section is shown with the actual column of the scroll that carries it, cropped from the Israel Museum / Google Art Project photograph of the whole scroll published on Wikimedia Commons (public domain). The column for every verse comes from the transcription itself, which records the column and line of each word.
- Hebrew: the scroll's own text, verbatim from the ETCBC dss Text-Fabric dataset (Jacobs, Naaijer and Roorda, from Martin G. Abegg Jr.'s transcription; CC BY-NC 4.0). This is not the Masoretic text: 1QIsaa uses a fuller spelling (for example לוא for לא, כיא for כי) and differs from the Masoretic text in a number of readings. No vowel points exist in the scroll and none are added. Marks: ⟨x⟩ letters the scribe added above the line, [x] modern reconstruction of text lost to damage, {{x}} letters cancelled by an ancient scribe, ⟪x⟫ an ancient correction, a dot under a letter (x̣) an uncertain reading, ···· four dots written in place of the divine name (Tetrapuncta).
- English: the King James Version (1611, public domain), verbatim from bible-api.com. The KJV translates the Masoretic text, so where the scroll reads differently the English will not match the Hebrew shown; the scroll's reading can be checked on the column image.
Numbering: KJV 64:1 is the second half of Masoretic 63:19; it is shown in chapter 64.
How was this verified? (Provenance)
1מיא זה בא מאדום חמוץ בגדים מבוצרה זה הדר בלבושו צועה ברוב כ̣וחוה אני מדבר בע̣דקה רב להושיע 2מדוע אדום ללבושכה ובגדיך כדורך בג̣ד 3פורה דר̣כתי לבדי ומעמי אין איש אתי וכול מלבושי גאלתי 4כיא יומ נקם בלבי ושנת גאולי באה 5ואביט ואי̣ן עוזר ואשתוממ ואין תומך ותושע ליא זרועי וחמתיא היא סמכתני 6ואבוסה עמים באפיא ואשכירםה בחמתי ואורידה לארצ נצחם 7חסדי יהוה אזכיר תהלת יהוה כעל כול אשר גמלנו יהוה ורב טוב לבית ישראל אשר גמאלם כרחמיו וכרוב חסדיו
1Who is this that cometh from Edom, with dyed garments from Bozrah? this that is glorious in his apparel, travelling in the greatness of his strength? I that speak in righteousness, mighty to save. 2Wherefore art thou red in thine apparel, and thy garments like him that treadeth in the winefat? 3I have trodden the winepress alone; and of the people there was none with me: for I will tread them in mine anger, and trample them in my fury; and their blood shall be sprinkled upon my garments, and I will stain all my raiment. 4For the day of vengeance is in mine heart, and the year of my redeemed is come. 5And I looked, and there was none to help; and I wondered that there was none to uphold: therefore mine own arm brought salvation unto me; and my fury, it upheld me. 6And I will tread down the people in mine anger, and make them drunk in my fury, and I will bring down their strength to the earth. 7I will mention the lovingkindnesses of the LORD, and the praises of the LORD, according to all that the LORD hath bestowed on us, and the great goodness toward the house of Israel, which he hath bestowed on them according to his mercies, and according to the multitude of his lovingkindnesses.
8ויואמ⟨ר⟩ אכ עמי המה בנים לוא ישקרו ויהי להמה למושיע 9בכול צרתמה לוא צר ומלאכ פניו הושיעמה באהבתיו ובחומלתיו הואה גאלמה וינשאם וינטלמ כול ימי עולם 10והמה מרו ועצבו את רוח קודשיו ויהפ̣ך להמה לאויב והואה נלחם במ 11ויזכור ימי עולם מושה עמוא איה המעלה מים את ר̣ועי צ⟨ו⟩א{{ו}}נו איה השמ בקרבו את רוח קודשו 12ומוליך לימין מושה זרוע תפארתיו בוקע מים מפניהמה לעשות שמ עולם 13מוליכם בתומות כסוס במ⟨ד⟩{{י̣}}בר לוא יכשלו
8For he said, Surely they are my people, children that will not lie: so he was their Saviour. 9In all their affliction he was afflicted, and the angel of his presence saved them: in his love and in his pity he redeemed them; and he bare them, and carried them all the days of old. 10But they rebelled, and vexed his holy Spirit: therefore he was turned to be their enemy, and he fought against them. 11Then he remembered the days of old, Moses, and his people, saying, Where is he that brought them up out of the sea with the shepherd of his flock? where is he that put his holy Spirit within him? 12That led them by the right hand of Moses with his glorious arm, dividing the water before them, to make himself an everlasting name? 13That led them through the deep, as an horse in the wilderness, that they should not stumble?
14כבהמה בבקעה תרד רוח יהוה תניחנו כיא נהגתה עמכה לעשות לכה שמ תפארת 15הבט מן השמים וראה מזבול קודשכה ותפאר̣תכה איה קנאתכה וגבורתכה המון מעיך ורחמיכ אלי התאפקו 16כיא אתה אבינו ואברהם לוא ידענו וישראל לוא הכירנו אתה הואה יהוה אבינו גואלנו מעולם שמכה 17למה יהוה תתענו מדרכיכה תקשיח לבנו מיראתך שוב למען עבדיך שבט נחלתך̣ 18למצער ירש עמ קודשך צרינו בססו מקדשכה 19הו̣ינו מ̣עולם לוא משלתה בם לוא נקרא שמכה עליהמה
14As a beast goeth down into the valley, the Spirit of the LORD caused him to rest: so didst thou lead thy people, to make thyself a glorious name. 15Look down from heaven, and behold from the habitation of thy holiness and of thy glory: where is thy zeal and thy strength, the sounding of thy bowels and of thy mercies toward me? are they restrained? 16Doubtless thou art our father, though Abraham be ignorant of us, and Israel acknowledge us not: thou, O LORD, art our father, our redeemer; thy name is from everlasting. 17O LORD, why hast thou made us to err from thy ways, and hardened our heart from thy fear? Return for thy servants’ sake, the tribes of thine inheritance. 18The people of thy holiness have possessed it but a little while: our adversaries have trodden down thy sanctuary. 19We are thine: thou never barest rule over them; they were not called by thy name.
Cite
Source & Cross-References
- Source text: Great Isaiah Scroll 1QIsa-a: Israel Museum / Google Art Project photograph (Wikimedia Commons, PD) + ETCBC dss transcription (Abegg; CC BY-NC 4.0) + KJV (bible-api.com) — view original
- Critical edition: ETCBC Dead Sea Scrolls transcription (Abegg data, CC BY-NC 4.0)
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