Isaiah, Chapter 32 (Great Isaiah Scroll, 1QIsa-a)
Introduction
Isaiah 32 from the Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa), the complete copy of Isaiah found in Cave 1 at Qumran in 1947 and now in the Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Copied around 125 BCE, it is roughly a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex, the oldest complete Masoretic manuscript. This chapter stands in col. XXVI (26) of the scroll's 54 columns.
- Scan: each section is shown with the actual column of the scroll that carries it, cropped from the Israel Museum / Google Art Project photograph of the whole scroll published on Wikimedia Commons (public domain). The column for every verse comes from the transcription itself, which records the column and line of each word.
- Hebrew: the scroll's own text, verbatim from the ETCBC dss Text-Fabric dataset (Jacobs, Naaijer and Roorda, from Martin G. Abegg Jr.'s transcription; CC BY-NC 4.0). This is not the Masoretic text: 1QIsaa uses a fuller spelling (for example לוא for לא, כיא for כי) and differs from the Masoretic text in a number of readings. No vowel points exist in the scroll and none are added. Marks: ⟨x⟩ letters the scribe added above the line, [x] modern reconstruction of text lost to damage, {{x}} letters cancelled by an ancient scribe, ⟪x⟫ an ancient correction, a dot under a letter (x̣) an uncertain reading, ···· four dots written in place of the divine name (Tetrapuncta).
- English: the King James Version (1611, public domain), verbatim from bible-api.com. The KJV translates the Masoretic text, so where the scroll reads differently the English will not match the Hebrew shown; the scroll's reading can be checked on the column image.
How was this verified? (Provenance)
1הנה לצדק ימלוך מלך ולשרים למשפט ישרו 2והיה איש כמחבה רוח וסתר{{ם}} זרם כפלגי מים בציין בצל סלע כבד בארץ עיפה 3ולוא תשענה עיני ראים ואזני שומעים תקשבנה 4ולבב נמהרים יבין לדעת ולשון עלגים תמהר לדבר צוחות 5לוא יקראו עוד לנבל נדיב ולכילי לוא יואמר שוע 6כי נבל נבלה ידבר ולבו חושב און לעשות חנף ולדבר אל יהוה תועה להריק נפש רעב ומשקה צמא יחסיר 7וכילי כליו רעים והוא זמות יעצ לחבל עניים באמרי שקר ובדבר̣ אביונים משפט
1Behold, a king shall reign in righteousness, and princes shall rule in judgment. 2And a man shall be as an hiding place from the wind, and a covert from the tempest; as rivers of water in a dry place, as the shadow of a great rock in a weary land. 3And the eyes of them that see shall not be dim, and the ears of them that hear shall hearken. 4The heart also of the rash shall understand knowledge, and the tongue of the stammerers shall be ready to speak plainly. 5The vile person shall be no more called liberal, nor the churl said to be bountiful. 6For the vile person will speak villany, and his heart will work iniquity, to practise hypocrisy, and to utter error against the LORD, to make empty the soul of the hungry, and he will cause the drink of the thirsty to fail. 7The instruments also of the churl are evil: he deviseth wicked devices to destroy the poor with lying words, even when the needy speaketh right.
8ונדיב נדיבות יעץ והוא על נדיבות יקום 9נשימ ש⟨א⟩ננות קומנה שמענה קולי בנות בוטחות האזינה אמרתי 10ימים על שנה תרגזנה הבוטחות כי כלה בציר אסף בל יבוא 11חרדו שאנ̣נות רגזה בוטחות פשטה יערו חגרנה וספדנה על החלצים 12על שדים סופדים על שדי חמדה על גפן פריה 13על אדמת עמי קוץ ושמיר תעלה כי על כול בתי משוש קריה עלי̣זה 14כי ארמון נטש המון עיר עזב עופל ובחן היה בעד מערות עד עולם משוש פראים מרעה לעדרים
8But the liberal deviseth liberal things; and by liberal things shall he stand. 9Rise up, ye women that are at ease; hear my voice, ye careless daughters; give ear unto my speech. 10Many days and years shall ye be troubled, ye careless women: for the vintage shall fail, the gathering shall not come. 11Tremble, ye women that are at ease; be troubled, ye careless ones: strip you, and make you bare, and gird sackcloth upon your loins. 12They shall lament for the teats, for the pleasant fields, for the fruitful vine. 13Upon the land of my people shall come up thorns and briers; yea, upon all the houses of joy in the joyous city: 14Because the palaces shall be forsaken; the multitude of the city shall be left; the forts and towers shall be for dens for ever, a joy of wild asses, a pasture of flocks;
15עד יערה עלינו רוח ממרום והיה מדבר לכרםל וכרמל ליער יחשב 16ושכן במדבר משפט וצדקה בכרמל תשב 17והיה מעשה הצדקה לשלום ועבודת הצדקה השקט ובטח עד עולם 18וישב עמי בנוה שלום ובמשכנות מבטחים ובמ נוחות שאננות 19וברד ברדת היער ובשפלה תשפל היער 20אשריכמה זורעי על כול מים ומשלחי רגל השור והחמור
15Until the spirit be poured upon us from on high, and the wilderness be a fruitful field, and the fruitful field be counted for a forest. 16Then judgment shall dwell in the wilderness, and righteousness remain in the fruitful field. 17And the work of righteousness shall be peace; and the effect of righteousness quietness and assurance for ever. 18And my people shall dwell in a peaceable habitation, and in sure dwellings, and in quiet resting places; 19When it shall hail, coming down on the forest; and the city shall be low in a low place. 20Blessed are ye that sow beside all waters, that send forth thither the feet of the ox and the ass.
Cite
Source & Cross-References
- Source text: Great Isaiah Scroll 1QIsa-a: Israel Museum / Google Art Project photograph (Wikimedia Commons, PD) + ETCBC dss transcription (Abegg; CC BY-NC 4.0) + KJV (bible-api.com) — view original
- Critical edition: ETCBC Dead Sea Scrolls transcription (Abegg data, CC BY-NC 4.0)
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