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Isaiah, Chapter 49 (Great Isaiah Scroll, 1QIsa-a)

Isaiah, Chapter 49 (Great Isaiah Scroll, 1QIsa-a)
Great Isaiah Scroll, 1QIsa-a (c. 125 BCE, Israel Museum),
Great Isaiah Scroll 1QIsa-a: Israel Museum / Google Art Project photograph (Wikimedia Commons, PD) + ETCBC dss transcription (Abegg; CC BY-NC 4.0) + KJV (bible-api.com) · ETCBC Dead Sea Scrolls transcription (Abegg data, CC BY-NC 4.0)

Introduction

Isaiah 49 from the Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa), the complete copy of Isaiah found in Cave 1 at Qumran in 1947 and now in the Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Copied around 125 BCE, it is roughly a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex, the oldest complete Masoretic manuscript. This chapter stands in col. XL (40), col. XLI (41) of the scroll's 54 columns.

  1. Scan: each section is shown with the actual column of the scroll that carries it, cropped from the Israel Museum / Google Art Project photograph of the whole scroll published on Wikimedia Commons (public domain). The column for every verse comes from the transcription itself, which records the column and line of each word.
  2. Hebrew: the scroll's own text, verbatim from the ETCBC dss Text-Fabric dataset (Jacobs, Naaijer and Roorda, from Martin G. Abegg Jr.'s transcription; CC BY-NC 4.0). This is not the Masoretic text: 1QIsaa uses a fuller spelling (for example לוא for לא, כיא for כי) and differs from the Masoretic text in a number of readings. No vowel points exist in the scroll and none are added. Marks: ⟨x⟩ letters the scribe added above the line, [x] modern reconstruction of text lost to damage, {{x}} letters cancelled by an ancient scribe, ⟪x⟫ an ancient correction, a dot under a letter (x̣) an uncertain reading, ···· four dots written in place of the divine name (Tetrapuncta).
  3. English: the King James Version (1611, public domain), verbatim from bible-api.com. The KJV translates the Masoretic text, so where the scroll reads differently the English will not match the Hebrew shown; the scroll's reading can be checked on the column image.
How was this verified? (Provenance)
Manuscript: Great Isaiah Scroll, 1QIsa-a (c. 125 BCE, Israel Museum) — page scan from Great Isaiah Scroll 1QIsa-a: Israel Museum / Google Art Project photograph (Wikimedia Commons, PD) + ETCBC dss transcription (Abegg; CC BY-NC 4.0) + KJV (bible-api.com).
Original text: ETCBC Dead Sea Scrolls transcription (Abegg data, CC BY-NC 4.0) (public domain).
English translation: King James Version (1611) (public domain).
Verify: The scan image is the physical evidence. The original-language text is verifiable against the scan. The English translation is checkable against the original. Click any Greek, Hebrew, or Latin word for morphological analysis.
Challenge: Submit a correction to contact@theosislibrary.com.
Hebrew (1QIsa-a transcription) / English (KJV) original and English translation, with manuscript scans.
§49.1-7 · Isaiah 49:1-7 (1QIsa-a col. XL lines 28-31; col. XLI lines 1-6)
Manuscript
Scan 1qisaa/1qisaa-col-40.jpg Scan 1qisaa/1qisaa-col-41.jpg
Hebrew · 1QIsa-a transcription

1שמעו איים אלי הקשיבו לאומים מרחוק יהוה מבטן קראני ממעי אמי הזכיר שמי 2וישם פי {{ב}}⟨כ⟩חרב חדה בצל ידיו החביאני וישימני ⟨ל⟩כחצ ברור {{באש}} באשפתיו הסתירני 3ויואמר לי עבדי אתה ישראל אשר בכה אתפאר 4אני אמרתי לריק יגעתי לתוה ולהבל כוחי כליתי אכן משפטי את יהוה ופועלתי את אלוהי 5ועתה אמר יהוה יוצרך מבטן לעבד לו לשובב יעקוב אליו וישראל לו יאסף ואכבדה בעיני יהוה ואלוהי היה עזרי 6ויואמר נקל מהיותכה לי עבד להקים את שבטי ישראל ונצירי יעקוב להשיב ונתתיך לאור גואים להיות ישועתי עד קצוי הארץ 7כוה אמר אדוני יהוה גואלכה ישראל קדושו לבזוי נפש למתעבי גוי לעבד מושלים מלכים ראו וקמו ושרים יה̣שתחוו למען יהוה אשר נאמן קדוש ישראל יבחרכה

English · King James Version (1611)

1Listen, O isles, unto me; and hearken, ye people, from far; The LORD hath called me from the womb; from the bowels of my mother hath he made mention of my name. 2And he hath made my mouth like a sharp sword; in the shadow of his hand hath he hid me, and made me a polished shaft; in his quiver hath he hid me; 3And said unto me, Thou art my servant, O Israel, in whom I will be glorified. 4Then I said, I have laboured in vain, I have spent my strength for nought, and in vain: yet surely my judgment is with the LORD, and my work with my God. 5And now, saith the LORD that formed me from the womb to be his servant, to bring Jacob again to him, Though Israel be not gathered, yet shall I be glorious in the eyes of the LORD, and my God shall be my strength. 6And he said, It is a light thing that thou shouldest be my servant to raise up the tribes of Jacob, and to restore the preserved of Israel: I will also give thee for a light to the Gentiles, that thou mayest be my salvation unto the end of the earth. 7Thus saith the LORD, the Redeemer of Israel, and his Holy One, to him whom man despiseth, to him whom the nation abhorreth, to a servant of rulers, Kings shall see and arise, princes also shall worship, because of the LORD that is faithful, and the Holy One of Israel, and he shall choose thee.

§49.8-14 · Isaiah 49:8-14 (1QIsa-a col. XLI lines 7-14)
Manuscript
Scan 1qisaa/1qisaa-col-41.jpg
Hebrew · 1QIsa-a transcription

8כוה אמר יהוה בעת רצון אענכה וביום ישועה אעזרכה ואצורכה ואתנכה לברית עמ להקים ארץ להנחיל נחלות שוממות 9לאמו̣ר לאסורים צאו ולאשר בחושך הגלו על כול הרים ירעו ובכול שפאים מרעיתם 10לוא ירעבו ולוא יצמאו ולוא יכם שו̣ב ושמש כיא מרחמם ינהגמ ועל מבועי מים ינהלם 11ושמתי כול הרי לדרך ומס ומסלתי ירומון 12הנה אלה מרחוק יבואו והנה אלה מצפון ומים ואלה מארץ סוניים 13רונו שמים וגילי ארץ פצחו הרים רונה כיא מנחם יהוה עמו ועניו ירחם 14ותואמר ציון עזבני יהוה ואדוני {{⟨ואלוהי⟩}} שכחני

English · King James Version (1611)

8Thus saith the LORD, In an acceptable time have I heard thee, and in a day of salvation have I helped thee: and I will preserve thee, and give thee for a covenant of the people, to establish the earth, to cause to inherit the desolate heritages; 9That thou mayest say to the prisoners, Go forth; to them that are in darkness, Shew yourselves. They shall feed in the ways, and their pastures shall be in all high places. 10They shall not hunger nor thirst; neither shall the heat nor sun smite them: for he that hath mercy on them shall lead them, even by the springs of water shall he guide them. 11And I will make all my mountains a way, and my highways shall be exalted. 12Behold, these shall come from far: and, lo, these from the north and from the west; and these from the land of Sinim. 13Sing, O heavens; and be joyful, O earth; and break forth into singing, O mountains: for the LORD hath comforted his people, and will have mercy upon his afflicted. 14But Zion said, The LORD hath forsaken me, and my Lord hath forgotten me.

§49.15-20 · Isaiah 49:15-20 (1QIsa-a col. XLI lines 14-20)
Manuscript
Scan 1qisaa/1qisaa-col-41.jpg
Hebrew · 1QIsa-a transcription

15התשכח אשה עולה מרחם בן בטנה גמ אלה תשכחנה ואנוכי לוא אשכחכי 16הנה על כפים חוקותיך וחומותיך נגדי תמיד 17מהרו בוניך מהורסיך ומחריביך ממכ יצאו 18סאי סביב עיניך וראי כולם נקבצו באו לכי חי אני נואמ יהוה כיא כולם כעדי תלבשי ותקשרים ככלה 19כיא חרבותיך ושוממותיך וארץ הרוסתך כיא עתה תצרי מיושב ורחקו מבלעיך 20עוד יואמרו באוזניך בני שכוליך צר לי המקום גשה לי ואשבה

English · King James Version (1611)

15Can a woman forget her sucking child, that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb? yea, they may forget, yet will I not forget thee. 16Behold, I have graven thee upon the palms of my hands; thy walls are continually before me. 17Thy children shall make haste; thy destroyers and they that made thee waste shall go forth of thee. 18Lift up thine eyes round about, and behold: all these gather themselves together, and come to thee. As I live, saith the LORD, thou shalt surely clothe thee with them all, as with an ornament, and bind them on thee, as a bride doeth. 19For thy waste and thy desolate places, and the land of thy destruction, shall even now be too narrow by reason of the inhabitants, and they that swallowed thee up shall be far away. 20The children which thou shalt have, after thou hast lost the other, shall say again in thine ears, The place is too strait for me: give place to me that I may dwell.

§49.21-26 · Isaiah 49:21-26 (1QIsa-a col. XLI lines 20-28)
Manuscript
Scan 1qisaa/1qisaa-col-41.jpg
Hebrew · 1QIsa-a transcription

21ואמרת בלבבך מיא ילד לי את אלה ואני שכולה וגלמודה וגולה וסרה אלה מיא גדל הנה אני נשארתי לבדי אלה איפו המה 22כיא כוה אמר יהוה הנה אשא אל גואים ידי ואל העמים א̣רים נסי והביאו בניך בחוצן ובנותיך על כתף תנשנה 23והוי מלכים אמניך ושרו̣תיהמה מינקותיך א̣פים ארץ ישתחוו לך ועפר רגליך ילחכו וידעתי כיא אני יהוה אשר לוא יבושו קו̣י 24היקחו מגבור מלקוח אמ שבי עריץ ימלט 25כיא כוה אמר יהוה גמ מלקוח גבור ילקח וש⟨ו⟩בי עריץ ימלט ואת רוב⟨י⟩ך אנוכי אריב ואת בניך אנוכי אושיע 26ואוכלתי את מוניך את בשרם וכעסיס דממ ישכרו וידעו כול בשר כיא אני יהוה מושיעך וגואלכי אביר יעקוב

English · King James Version (1611)

21Then shalt thou say in thine heart, Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have lost my children, and am desolate, a captive, and removing to and fro? and who hath brought up these? Behold, I was left alone; these, where had they been? 22Thus saith the Lord GOD, Behold, I will lift up mine hand to the Gentiles, and set up my standard to the people: and they shall bring thy sons in their arms, and thy daughters shall be carried upon their shoulders. 23And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers: they shall bow down to thee with their face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that I am the LORD: for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me. 24Shall the prey be taken from the mighty, or the lawful captive delivered? 25But thus saith the LORD, Even the captives of the mighty shall be taken away, and the prey of the terrible shall be delivered: for I will contend with him that contendeth with thee, and I will save thy children. 26And I will feed them that oppress thee with their own flesh; and they shall be drunken with their own blood, as with sweet wine: and all flesh shall know that I the LORD am thy Saviour and thy Redeemer, the mighty One of Jacob.

Cite

Source & Cross-References

  • Source text: Great Isaiah Scroll 1QIsa-a: Israel Museum / Google Art Project photograph (Wikimedia Commons, PD) + ETCBC dss transcription (Abegg; CC BY-NC 4.0) + KJV (bible-api.com) — view original
  • Critical edition: ETCBC Dead Sea Scrolls transcription (Abegg data, CC BY-NC 4.0)

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